import math
import datetime
from dateutil import tz
class SunTimeException(Exception):
def __init__(self, message):
super(SunTimeException, self).__init__(message)
class Sun:
"""
Approximated calculation of sunrise and sunset datetimes. Adapted from:
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19615350/calculate-sunrise-and-sunset-times-for-a-given-gps-coordinate-within-postgresql
"""
def __init__(self, lat=52.37,lon=4.90): # default Amsterdam
self._lat = lat
self._lon = lon
def get_sunrise_time(self, date=datetime.date.today()):
"""
Calculate the sunrise time for given date.
:param lat: Latitude
:param lon: Longitude
:param date: Reference date
:return: UTC sunrise datetime
:raises: SunTimeException when there is no sunrise and sunset on given location and date
"""
sr = self._calc_sun_time(date, True)
if sr is None:
raise SunTimeException('The sun never rises on this location (on the specified date)')
else:
return sr
def get_local_sunrise_time(self, date=datetime.date.today(), local_time_zone=tz.tzlocal()):
"""
Get sunrise time for local or custom time zone.
:param date: Reference date
:param local_time_zone: Local or custom time zone.
:return: Local time zone sunrise datetime
"""
sr = self._calc_sun_time(date, True)
if sr is None:
raise SunTimeException('The sun never rises on this location (on the specified date)')
else:
return sr.astimezone(local_time_zone)
def get_sunset_time(self, date=datetime.date.today()):
"""
Calculate the sunset time for given date.
:param lat: Latitude
:param lon: Longitude
:param date: Reference date
:return: UTC sunset datetime
:raises: SunTimeException when there is no sunrise and sunset on given location and date.
"""
ss = self._calc_sun_time(date, False)
if ss is None:
raise SunTimeException('The sun never sets on this location (on the specified date)')
else:
return ss
def get_local_sunset_time(self, date=datetime.date.today(), local_time_zone=tz.tzlocal()):
"""
Get sunset time for local or custom time zone.
:param date: Reference date
:param local_time_zone: Local or custom time zone.
:return: Local time zone sunset datetime
"""
ss = self._calc_sun_time(date, False)
if ss is None:
raise SunTimeException('The sun never sets on this location (on the specified date)')
else:
return ss.astimezone(local_time_zone)
def _calc_sun_time(self, date=datetime.date.today(), isRiseTime=True, zenith=90.8):
"""
Calculate sunrise or sunset date.
:param date: Reference date
:param isRiseTime: True if you want to calculate sunrise time.
:param zenith: Sun reference zenith
:return: UTC sunset or sunrise datetime
:raises: SunTimeException when there is no sunrise and sunset on given location and date
"""
# isRiseTime == False, returns sunsetTime
day = date.day
month = date.month
year = date.year
TO_RAD = math.pi/180.0
# 1. first calculate the day of the year
N1 = math.floor(275 * month / 9)
N2 = math.floor((month + 9) / 12)
N3 = (1 + math.floor((year - 4 * math.floor(year / 4) + 2) / 3))
N = N1 - (N2 * N3) + day - 30
# 2. convert the longitude to hour value and calculate an approximate time
lngHour = self._lon / 15
if isRiseTime:
t = N + ((6 - lngHour) / 24)
else: #sunset
t = N + ((18 - lngHour) / 24)
# 3. calculate the Sun's mean anomaly
M = (0.9856 * t) - 3.289
# 4. calculate the Sun's true longitude
L = M + (1.916 * math.sin(TO_RAD*M)) + (0.020 * math.sin(TO_RAD * 2 * M)) + 282.634
L = self._force_range(L, 360 ) #NOTE: L adjusted into the range [0,360)
# 5a. calculate the Sun's right ascension
RA = (1/TO_RAD) * math.atan(0.91764 * math.tan(TO_RAD*L))
RA = self._force_range(RA, 360 ) #NOTE: RA adjusted into the range [0,360)
# 5b. right ascension value needs to be in the same quadrant as L
Lquadrant = (math.floor( L/90)) * 90
RAquadrant = (math.floor(RA/90)) * 90
RA = RA + (Lquadrant - RAquadrant)
# 5c. right ascension value needs to be converted into hours
RA = RA / 15
# 6. calculate the Sun's declination
sinDec = 0.39782 * math.sin(TO_RAD*L)
cosDec = math.cos(math.asin(sinDec))
# 7a. calculate the Sun's local hour angle
cosH = (math.cos(TO_RAD*zenith) - (sinDec * math.sin(TO_RAD*self._lat))) / (cosDec * math.cos(TO_RAD*self._lat))
if cosH > 1:
return None # The sun never rises on this location (on the specified date)
if cosH < -1:
return None # The sun never sets on this location (on the specified date)
# 7b. finish calculating H and convert into hours
if isRiseTime:
H = 360 - (1/TO_RAD) * math.acos(cosH)
else: #setting
H = (1/TO_RAD) * math.acos(cosH)
H = H / 15
#8. calculate local mean time of rising/setting
T = H + RA - (0.06571 * t) - 6.622
#9. adjust back to UTC
UT = T - lngHour
UT = self._force_range(UT, 24) # UTC time in decimal format (e.g. 23.23)
#10. Return
hr = self._force_range(int(UT), 24)
min = round((UT - int(UT))*60, 0)
if min == 60:
hr += 1
min = 0
return datetime.datetime(year, month, day, hr, int(min), tzinfo=tz.tzutc())
@staticmethod
def _force_range(v, max):
# force v to be >= 0 and < max
if v < 0:
return v + max
elif v >= max:
return v - max
return v
if __name__ == '__main__':
sun = Sun(85.0, 21.00)
try:
print(sun.get_local_sunrise_time())
print(sun.get_local_sunset_time())
# On a special date in UTC
abd = datetime.date(2014, 1, 3)
abd_sr = sun.get_local_sunrise_time(abd)
abd_ss = sun.get_local_sunset_time(abd)
print(abd_sr)
print(abd_ss)
except SunTimeException as e:
print("Error: {0}".format(e))
